Name: Ukraine Mineral Deal: What Trump Wants from Ukraine
Uploaded: 2025-02-28T16:50:00Z
Duration: 4 min 19 s
Description: President Volodymyr Zelensky has agreed to the framework of a deal that would allow the U.S. access to Ukraine’s critical minerals. WSJ’s Ian Lovett reports from Kyiv on what’s at stake.

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President Volodymyr Zelensky has agreed to the framework of a deal that would allow the U.S. access to Ukraine’s critical minerals. WSJ’s Ian Lovett reports from Kyiv on what’s at stake. Photo: Nathan Howard/Reuters

https://m.wsj.net/video/20250228/00ca9895-874e-4893-be0d-3316988caa0a/5/hls/manifest-hd-wifi.m3u8

President Volodymyr Zelensky has agreed to the framework of a deal that would allow the U.S. access to Ukraine’s critical minerals. WSJ’s Ian Lovett reports from Kyiv on what’s at stake.

Ukraine Mineral Deal: What Trump Wants from Ukraine

Reporter: The framework of a minerals deal has been agreed upon by President Zelensky and President Trump after weeks of barbed exchanges.

I love Ukraine, but Zelensky has done a terrible job. His country is shattered.

Reporter: Kyiv says it's willing to give the US access to its critical minerals, but wants American military support to be part of the deal.

It'll be great for Ukraine. It's like a huge economic development project, so it'll be good for both countries.

Reporter: But what minerals does Ukraine have? Why does Trump want them? And what will both Washington and Kyiv really gain? Ukraine is believed to have deposits of at least 20 of the 50 minerals that the US considers critical. Among these are titanium, lithium, and rare earths, a collection of 17 elements that are essential for everything from cell phones to the defense industry. Titanium is used in the construction of missiles, airplanes and naval ships. Lithium used in batteries is considered critical to the US economy and national security. Industry analysts estimate the collective potential value of Ukraine's minerals to be trillions of dollars.

Lithium is one of the minerals that Ukraine has that is potentially very valuable, but it is very expensive to get a lithium mine up and running.

Reporter: Before the full scale war began in 2022, Ukraine produced 6% of the world's titanium. It's also home to around 3% of the world's deposits of lithium. But as well as costing money, it takes time to open a mine.

One person I talked to in that industry said like, there's this idea that you just sort of put a shovel in the ground and start digging money out and that that's just really not what it's like.

Reporter: Another challenge is reaching them. Up to 40% of Ukraine's critical mineral deposits are in Russia controlled areas of the country.

Getting a lithium mine off the ground takes years of studies and potentially hundreds of millions of dollars in investment. It even in the best case scenario where there's not a war happening, that is not a quick process. And so this is not something that's gonna start sort of paying off anytime in the immediate future.

Reporter: Despite these challenges, Trump has repeatedly praised the financial benefits of the agreement. The US president says he wants Zelensky to sign a deal quickly to repay Washington for its military and financial aid to Ukraine during the war.

We're helping the country through a very, very big problem, a problem like very few people have had. Shouldn't have had this problem because it shouldn't have happened, but it did happen. So we have to straighten it out, but the American taxpayer now is gonna get their money back plus.

President Zelensky, when he was touting the steel, made a real point of saying that this was not repayment for aid that had already been given, that those were not loans and that this was not designed to pay those back. That this was designed as an investment in the future of Ukraine.

Reporter: The agreement also lacks explicit security guarantees for Ukraine, despite Zelensky previously saying they would be necessary for any mineral right steel.

He just wants to ensure, and I think this is a big issue for Ukrainians in general, that the Russians don't agree to a cease fire and then rebuild their arsenal and then invade again in two years. And so I think what they want is investment from well armed western countries of some sort. They want troops on the ground, ideally. That is generally what he's looking for.

Reporter: Even as Trump and Zelensky tout the benefits of the deal, much of what the two leaders hope to gain has yet to be agreed upon.

The vagueness of the agreement has allowed both Trump and Zelensky to kind of claim victory and to say that they're getting what they want. You know, Zelensky really hammered the point that it was very important that they got the reference to security guarantees in the text. And Trump is saying, we are gonna get paid back for all of this investment that we've made. And I think the vagueness has allowed both of them to do that. But the real question will be once they try to hammer out the details, if there are things that they really can't agree on.