Name: U.S. Must Deny China 'Crown Jewels' of Technology: Former Defense Sec.
Uploaded: 2025-11-12T19:02:00Z
Duration: 6 min 14 s
Description: Mark Esper details why American businesses and policymakers must focus on de-risking supply chains and protecting intellectual property to maintain a competitive edge against China's tech sector.

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Mark Esper details why American businesses and policymakers must focus on de-risking supply chains and protecting intellectual property to maintain a competitive edge against China's tech sector. Photo: Ivan Apfel for WSJ

https://m.wsj.net/video/20251112/bca23364-6419-4c0f-8e88-c54da5db0b94/1/hls/manifest-hd-wifi.m3u8

Mark Esper details why American businesses and policymakers must focus on de-risking supply chains and protecting intellectual property to maintain a competitive edge against China's tech sector.

U.S. Must Deny China 'Crown Jewels' of Technology: Former Defense Sec.

Two questions on China, Trump and President Xi just met a few weeks ago, struck a trade deal. And my first question to you is, where do you expect this deal, it's a year, so let's see where it goes from there, but to land the U.S. and China economically? And then I'll ask you about Taiwan.

Yeah, so I think an accomplishment of the Trump Administration first term was that we came out for the first time and said our national defense strategy, we were focused on China, which I personally felt was the right approach. And then we had folks like H.R. McMaster, who was a national security advisor, and others really draft, and DOD did its part with the National Defense Strategy, a comprehensive plan to rebuild the military, to employ foreign policy, economic tools, diplomatic tools, et cetera, et cetera. And the President's focus, and each president has their own particular focus, but his was always on trade and the trade imbalance. And so second term, what we see now is, I see mainly a focus on the trade and trade imbalance. I don't see what I saw before in terms of a comprehensive approach, and that concerns me. And so-

Why does it concern you?

Well, because look, as I described in my memoir, I see China as the greatest strategic threat facing our country this century. And it's completely far more complicated and dangerous than what the Soviet Union ever presented for any number of factors, not least of which is the fact that it has a very robust economy, the second largest in the world, and a pretty strong tech sector. So, I think we have to have a comprehensive plan to deal with that, in partnership with our allies globally, to take that on, or else, we're gonna lose that game. And what we don't want is China, I should be more specific, the Chinese Communist Party, calling the shots, setting the norms and the standards for international behavior going forward. That's not a world that any of us wanna live in.

Poppy: Do you think that's where we're headed? If-

That's where they want to head. They said it. They wanna be be there by 2049.

Do you think that without a comprehensive strategy from the White House on this that you say existed in the first Trump term, do you fear that that-

I think the United States needs to lead the free world, and I think to do so, we have to have a good concept of how we would do that, facing off against a Chinese Communist party. And then part of that plan has to be how do we get our allies and partners around the world, in Asia, in Europe and Africa and Latin America, on board to stand up to the Chinese? And you could talk about changing their behavior, containing 'em if need be, whatever the case is. But this is the threat we face, the challenge we face.

In the Biden Administration, Secretary Blinken talked a lot about de-risking. Like, I think most people agree, we're too far along to decouple, so de-risking the relationships. How should directors think about China, both risk and reward, in this room right now? And if you can tie your thoughts on Taiwan into that answer. Do you see China willing to invade Taiwan during this administration?

So I don't think an invasion of Taiwan is certainly not immediate, and I don't think it's inevitable, and we can talk about that. Number two, the decoupling. Look, the Chinese are preparing, are decoupling. They are taking steps. And we talked earlier in a separate session about Chinese EV vehicles costing $15,000, and how they lead in solar technology. That's not just-

And being remarkably good.

That's just not a commercial play. They're trying to make sure that they're relying on imported energy. So part of this is freeing up energy, but set that aside. Look, I think with China, we do need to have that comprehensive approach to deal with them. And it's gonna take all those factors and all those allies and partners. And you asked one particular question. I forgot.

Poppy: Taiwan.

Taiwan, yeah. Taiwan's not immediate or inevitable. Oh, it's the decoupling, so the Chinese do wanna decouple. I don't think it's possible for us to decouple, but it requires more nuance. I do think we should deny them the Crown jewels, whether it's, you know, our highest end semiconductors. We could talk about that. There are some other technologies that we need to deny them, that we need to stay an overmatch with them. AI, I put up in that category as well. There's another set of supply chain realities that we need to make sure we have alternative or reliable supply chains, either through allies and partners or reshored. And then there's a whole mess of other stuff like, you know, rubber doggy toys and washing machines. I don't care about.

But the President actually just gave China quite a bit of ability to have some of that technology that's so crucial in these trades.

Yeah, and I would recommend-

Was that a miss?

I would recommend against that because I think we have to win, we have to win the lead in technology. And that begins, to me, with AI, and I think we have a lead, certainly in algorithms and in the hardware. We could talk about data. I think they've amassed a great deal of data because once you have AI, and a lot of tech people here, if you combine that with robotics, which is another area, then now you have autonomy. And that really changed the dynamics, and not just of warfare. iT doesn't just change the character of warfare, but it's gonna change our economic landscape and how we function as a nation and our culture in some ways.

On China for a minute, and then we'll move elsewhere in the world, but again, to the question of what these directors in the room should be bringing up in the boardroom on China. Jim Farley, who runs Ford, came back from China recently, saying it was the most humbling, one of the, I believe, don't quote me here, humbling experiences he's had as a CEO to see what's going on. You brought up EVs and automotive. What should the questions be that are raised in the boardroom on China right now?

I think you mentioned it, and I didn't finish the answer is, first of all, I think the relationship between China and the United States is gonna continue to diverge. It's gonna be a slow decoupling in summaries avast one and others. And so I think having supply chains solely reaching back into China, I think is a long-term risk. And depending again on the technology, on the industry, it may be a sooner risk than others. That's number one. Number two is, I think, again, on the overmatch, we have make sure we stay ahead of the Chinese and all these valuable technologies. And if you're a technology company, protecting your IP, so when you get into co-production agreements, so forth and so on, that should be of immense concern as well.